The use of tobacco, including smokeless tobacco and excessive consumption of alcohol are the prominent risk factors in oral cancer re. These cancers are more than twice as common in men as in women. The objective of this study was to determine how the incidence. Global epidemiology of oral and oropharyneal cancer request pdf. Global epidemiology of oral and oropharyngeal cancer saman warnakulasuriya department of oral medicine and experimental oral pathology, kings college dental institute, bessemer road, london se5 9rs, uk who collaborating centre for oral cancer and precancer in the united kingdom, denmark hill campus, london se5 9rs, uk article info keywords.
The 58th world health assembly resolution on cancer prevention and control wha58. For black people diagnosed at an early stage, the survival rate is 79%. Oropharyngeal cancer epidemic and human papillomavirus. Oropharyngeal cancer epidemic and hpv cdc eid 101410 10. Global incidence of oral and oropharynx cancer in patients younger. Oral cavity, pharyngeal, and laryngeal cancer prevention pdq. C09c10, excluding the salivary glands c0708 and other pharyngeal sites c11. To be defended at the auditorium, kulturen, lund, on october 3, 2014, at 9. Oral and pharyngeal cancer stands the 7th place in the eu 25.
Oral cancer is an important health issue, with changing incidence in many countries. The oral cancer foundation makes an annual prediction for the incidence of oral and oropharyngeal cancers each year in the us. Populationbased incidence trends of oropharyngeal and. With an annual incidence rate of 64,460 in india, it is estimated that among the 400 million individuals aged 15 years and over, 47% use tobacco in one form or. Oral and oropharyngeal cancer aspects on epidemiology. Cigarette, cigar, and pipe smoking and the risk of head and neck cancers. Increasing incidence rates of oropharyngeal squamous cell. Incidence trends for oropharyngeal cancer were similar to trends for oral tongue cancer and similar birth cohorts born after the 1940s experienced rising incidence of these cancers pvalue. The oropharynx is one of the most common sites of head and neck cancer in the united states. Dec, 2017 spectrum of oral cancer in india the indian subcontinent, especially india itself because of its large population, has long been regarded as the global epicenter of oral cancer. Epidemiology of oral and oropharyngeal cancers request pdf. The pharynx is a hollow tube about 5 inches long that starts behind the nose and ends where the trachea windpipe and esophagus tube from the throat to the stomach begin. Temporal changes in head and neck cancer incidence in. Weatherspoon dj, chattopadhyay a, boroumand s, garcia i 2015 oral cavity and oropharyngeal cancer incidence trends and disparities in the united states.
Oct 19, 2016 lip cancers c00 the estimated global asr of lip cancer in 2012 was 0. Despite the amenability of oral cavity and pharyngeal cancers, particularly oral cavity cancers, for early detection through visual inspection, these cancers are often diagnosed at advanced stages, resulting in poor survival outcomes. Evolving disparities in the epidemiology of oral cavity and. Oral and oropharyngeal cancer in the middle east and north africa. The primary risk factors associated with head and neck cancer include tobacco use, alcohol consumption, human papillomavirus hpv infection for oropharyngeal cancer, and epsteinbarr virus ebv infection for nasopharyngeal cancer. Worldwide trends in incidence rates for oral cavity and. The rising incidence in oral and oropharyngeal cancer and mortality rates in young adults is reported from many countries in the european union and parts of united states. Oral international classification of diseases and related health problems icd 0110 and pharyngeal cancer icd 1114 is the 8th most common cancer and the 11th leading cause of cancer related mortality in europe. Signs and symptoms of oropharyngeal cancer include a lump in the neck and a sore throat.
Oral cancer 2005 english only global data on incidence of. Finally, effective interventions for the reduction of oral and pharyngeal cancers are discussed. Download limit exceeded you have exceeded your daily download allowance. An estimated 85,000 cases of oropharyngeal cancer occurred worldwide in 2008, and at least 22,000 of these were hpv positive. Evolving disparities in the epidemiology of oral cavity.
The literature on oral and pharyngeal cancer disparities among racial groups also appears to be growing. Oral international classification of diseases and related health problems icd 0110 and pharyngeal cancer icd 1114 is the 8th most common cancer and the 11th leading cause of cancerrelated mortality in europe. A personal history of head and neck cancer increases the risk of oral cavity, pharyngeal, and laryngeal cancer. Head and neck cancers are the sixth most common form of cancer globally 2, and around 500,000. Cancer of the oral cavity is the eighth most common cancer among men. Head and neck cancers are the sixth most common form of cancer globally2, and around 500,000 new cases of oral and oropharyngeal cancers are diagnosed annually, threequarters of which occur in the. Oral cancer is a debilitating disease with increasing incidence worldwide warnakulasuriya. Oral cavity and oropharyngeal cancers are typically grouped together under the general term, oral cancer. Screening for oral cancer who, what, why and where.
Global epidemiology of oral and oropharyngeal cancer meta. Global oral cancer forum working group 3 screening for oral cancer who, what, why and where. Increasing incidences of head and neck cancers and rising proportions of these associated with human papillomavirus hpv, especially in the oropharynx, have been reported in international studies. In terms of the number of newly diagnosed cases, the majority of.
Oral cancer is a type of head and neck cancer and is any cancerous tissue growth located in the oral cavity 1. Purpose human papillomavirus hpv has been identified as the cause of the increasing oropharyngeal cancer opc incidence in some countries. Oral cavity and oropharyngeal cancers start in the mouth or throat. This year the number has increased again, and ocf estimates that 53,000 americans will be newly diagnosed with oral or oropharyngeal cancer in 2019. Incidence and mortality rates are higher in men than women. Oral cancer is a common cancer of the head and neck region, which is a growing global health problem especially in developing countries 1,2. The oropharynx is the middle part of the pharynx throat, behind the mouth. About 29% of oral and oropharyngeal cancers are diagnosed at this stage. The most common type of oral cancers that affect approximately 300,000 new patients worldwide each year is oral squamous cell carcinoma oscc 3. Focus is on cancers amenable to early detection and treatment, such as oral cancer. Oral and oropharyngeal cancer in the middle east and north. If the cancer is diagnosed at an early stage, the overall 5year survival rate is 84%. The rate of new cases of oral cavity and pharynx cancer was 11.
If you have an oral cavity or oropharyngeal cancer or are close to someone who does, knowing what to expect can help you cope. Also, some of the important specificrisk factors related to ethnicitywere missing. Oral cavity and oropharyngeal cancer occopc, as defined by the 10th edition of the international classification of diseases representing the rubrics c00 to c10 1, is a global health burden with an estimated overall annual incidence of nearly 443,000 new cases and 241,450 deaths worldwide. To investigate whether this represents a global phenomenon, we evaluated incidence trends for opcs and oral cavity cancers occs in 23 countries across four continents. Warnakulasuriya sglobal epidemiology of oral and oropharyngeal cancer. For white people diagnosed at an early stage, the rate is 83%. Epidemiology of hpvassociated oropharyngeal cancer europe. So far, the trends and contribution of hpv to the number of newly diagnosed cases of oropharyngeal squamous cell carcinomas opscc in germany are uncertain. If the cancer has spread to surrounding tissues or. Sankaranarayanan r, masuyer e, swaminathan r, et al. Global burden of oral cavity and pharyngeal cancers. Methods we used data from the cancer incidence in five continents database volumes. Prevention and patient management what is oral cancer.
Being infected with certain types of hpv, especially hpv type 16, increases the risk of oral cavity tongue and oropharyngeal cancer. A crosssectional study was carried out by means of the pathological reports of patients with oral and oropharyngeal cancer, seen at a university hospital of the southern region, between january 2004 and december 2014. To evaluate the epidemiological profile and survival rate of oral and oropharyngeal cancer patients seen at a university hospital. It is estimated that 11,000,000 new cases of oropharyngeal cancer are diagnosed in the united states each year jemal.
Oropharyngeal cancer treatment adult pdqpatient version. Global epidemiology of oral and oropharyngeal cancer citeseerx. Global data on incidence of oral cancer map pdf, 256kb. Paul m speight1, joel epstein2, omar kujan3, mark w lingen4, toru nagao5, kannan ranganathan6, pablo vargas7 1. Bonfante gm, machado cj, souza pe, andrade ei, acurcio fa, cherchiglia ml. The following is a risk factor for oral cavity, and oropharyngeal cancer.
Oral and pharyngeal cancer, grouped together, is the sixth most common cancer in the world. Oral and pharyngeal cancers are significant components. Oral cancer 2005 english only global data on incidence. Lip cancers c00 the estimated global asr of lip cancer in 2012 was 0. The global incidence of lip, oral cavity, and pharyngeal. Rates of these cancers are more than twice as high in men as in women. Oropharyngeal cancer is a disease in which malignant cancer cells form in the tissues of the oropharynx. Oral and oropharyngeal cancer aspects on epidemiology and. However, less literature is available on the influence of dietary factors on these cancers. Oral cancer is more common in men than women, among those with a history of tobacco or heavy alcohol use, and individuals infected with human papillomavirus hpv.
Specific 5year oral cancer survival and associated factors in cancer outpatients in the brazilian unified national health system. Oral cavity, pharyngeal, and laryngeal cancer prevention. Here you can find out all about oral cavity and oropharyngeal cancers, including risk factors, symptoms, how they are found, and how they are treated. About 53,260 people will get oral cavity or oropharyngeal cancer. A retrospective analysis of the us surveillance, epidemiology, and end results seer database found that the rate of oropharyngeal human papillomavirus hpvrelated cancer increased by 2. Oropharyngeal, oral cavity, laryngeal, and other pharynx cancers were restricted to squamous cell histologies icdo3 codes 80508076, 8078, 8083, 8084, and 8094. Global trends in oral and pharyngeal cancer incidence and. Spectrum of oral cancer in india the indian subcontinent, especially india itself because of its large population, has long been regarded as the global epicenter of oral cancer. You will find some basic information about these diseases and the parts of the body they may affect. Aspects on epidemiology and prognostic factors karin annertz doctoral dissertation by due permission of the faculty medicine, lund university, sweden.
Lip cancers were highly frequent in australia associated with solar radiation and in central and east. Populationbased incidence trends of oropharyngeal and oral. Global epidemiology of oral and oropharyneal cancer. Smoking or being infected with human papillomavirus hpv can increase the risk of oropharyngeal cancer. Mar 12, 2019 worldwide, head and neck cancer hnc accounts for more than 550,000 occurrences and 300,000 deaths each year, 1,2 and the 5year overall survival rate is a dismal 40% to 50%. The incidence of hpvpositive opscc is increasing markedly, and it is not hyperbole to call this an epidemic.
About 53,000 people will get oral cavity or oropharyngeal cancer. Oropharyngeal cancer opc, in tonsil and oropharygeal areas is increasing, while oral cavity cancer occ, other sites in the mouth is decreasing. Epidemiology of oral and oropharyngeal cancers springerlink. Oropharyngeal cancer epidemiology bmj best practice. Global epidemiology of oral and oropharyngeal cancer. Cancer begins when healthy cells change and grow out of control, forming a mass called a tumor. Think of that menu as a roadmap for this complete guide. Changes in tobacco and alcohol exposure in men over the last decades likely explain the favorable trends in oral and pharyngeal cancer mortality and incidence observed in selected countries worldwide, while increased human papillomavirus infection is likely responsible for the rise in oropharyngeal cancer incidence. In some world reports, cancers of all sites of the oral. Oral and pharyngeal cancers opc are considered an important part of the global burden of cancer, mainly due to the widespread use of tobacco and alcohol. Oropharyngeal cancers included both hpvrelated and hpvunrelated soft palate nos and uvula anatomic subsites because projections were conducted for all head and neck cancer sites. They are about equally common in blacks and in whites.
Head and neck cancer is common in several regions of the world. Head and neck cancer most commonly is of the squamous cell carcinoma type hnscc and includes cancers of the oral cavity, oropharynx, hypopharynx, larynx. Oral and oropharyngeal cancers represent a global public health. Incidence and mortality trends in oral and oropharyngeal cancers in. There is the need to identify high risk groups and communities for further study and intervention. Oral cancer is a type of head and neck cancer and is any cancerous tissue growth located in the oral cavity1. Epidemiology of hpvassociated oropharyngeal cancer. This year, an estimated 53,000 adults 38,140 men and 14,860 women in the united states will be diagnosed with oral and oropharyngeal cancer. The american cancer societys most recent estimates for oral cavity and oropharyngeal cancers in the united states for 2020 are. In the united states, cancers of the oral cavity account for nearly 2. Major geographically based, sexbased, and agebased variations in the incidence of lip, oral cavity, and pharyngeal cancers by subsite were observed. We focus on the role of hpv in the increased incidence of oropharyngeal squamous cell carcinoma oscc.
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